Common Health Issues in Rabbits

Dental Problems

Rabbit teeth grow continuously throughout their lives. Without proper wear, serious problems can develop.

• Overgrown teeth — Can cut the tongue or cheek, making eating painful
• Sharp points — Cause ulcers and mouth pain
• Abscesses — Tooth root infections that can spread

Signs: Drooling, weight loss, favoring soft foods, pawing at mouth

Ear Infections & Mites

Ear problems are common in rabbits.

• Ear mites — Crusty buildup, head shaking, scratching
• Ear infections — Head tilt, discharge, odor

Snuffles (Bunny Cold)

A respiratory infection similar to a cold. Can become serious if untreated.

• Sneezing
• Runny nose (clear or colored)
• Watery eyes
• Lethargy

Flystrike

Deadly condition where flies lay eggs on dirty fur, especially around the bottom. Eggs hatch into maggots that eat the rabbit's flesh.

• Prevention: Keep bottom clean, check daily in summer
• Signs: Unusual behavior, visible maggots, foul odor

Eye Problems

• Runny eyes — Blocked tear ducts common in certain breeds
• Conjunctivitis — Pink eye, red and swollen
• Corneal ulcers — Scratches on the eye surface

Parasites

• Fleas — Can cause anemia in young rabbits
• Mites — Fur mites, ear mites, cause itching and hair loss
• Encephalitozoon cuniculi (E. cuniculi) — Parasite affecting kidneys and nervous system

Uterine Cancer (Unspayed Females)

Up to 80% of unspayed female rabbits develop uterine cancer by age 5. Spaying eliminates this risk.

When to See the Vet

• Any sign of decreased appetite
• Changes in droppings
• Behavior changes
• Discharge from eyes, nose, or ears
• Lumps or swelling
• Limping or difficulty moving